Applications of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as an alternative to antibiotic use in aquaculture: a mini-review

Abstract The use of antibiotics for the control infections has not only been banned by FDA in food-producing animals, but also several countries have prohibited their aquaculture because reasons such as occurrence antibiotic-tolerant microorganisms, accumulation antibiotic residues fish and shrimp flesh, aquatic environmental effluence concerns. These issues led researchers scientists to conduct studies find alternatives. Numerous substitutes evaluated, probiotics, synbiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, phytogenics, essential oils, others. Results show that these supplements demonstrate proven efficacy enhancing immune responses, reducing mortalities resulting from experimental infections, usage medicated aquafeed. Nonetheless, using antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) diseases be used alternatives is a promising interesting research topic. AMPs are vital class small could stimulate innate system against challenging pathogens possess significant potent defensive responses variety infectious non-infectious pathogenic agents, including bacteria, parasites, fungi, viruses. Regarding source origin, can classified into six main types: mammalian-, amphibian-, insect-, aquatic-, plant-, microorganism-derived AMPs. On account unique structure, they display an function therapeutic strategies affecting shrimp. Reports showed kinds had wide spectrum properties. effects besides prominent immunostimulatory functions. Thus, may considered functional alternative aquaculture. This article provides information on current knowledge about modes action, sources, classification, functions, potential applications development animal health. included this context will valuable enhance sustainability